1817. 12mo, pp. [ii] half-title, xxv, [i] advertisement, 191, [i] title-page ‘Descriptive Catalogue’, 59, [i] advertisement; with a couple of small text engravings; a little foxed and dust-soiled throughout, though often marginal, the ‘Descriptive catalogue a little more foxed, with prominent staining affecting lower gutter between pp. 25-48 and from p. 47 to the end of the ‘Descriptive Catalogue’ also affecting final endpaper; uncut in the original publisher’s grey paper boards, with printed label on spine (cracked and somewhat soiled), head and tail of spine worn with slight loss, joints cracked but holding, covers somewhat spotted and a little ink stained, corners and extremities bumped and lightly worn; with the bookplate of Benjamin Flounders [Flanders] on front paste-down; overall a good copy, and uncommon in the original boards. Uncommon first edition, and of appeal being in the original boards. ‘One of the most popular expositions of elementary chemistry of the time, which did much to bring the study of the science to the attention of the general public. The book was “written with a view, to blend chemical science with rational amusement” (preface). Five English editions appeared in quick succession: 1817, 1818 (2 eds.), 1819, and 1821, as well as translations into German (1819, 1824), Italian (1820, 1829, 1854), French (1825, 1835), and Spanish (1836). At the end is A descriptive catalogue of the apparatus & instruments employed in experimental and operative chemistry manufactured and sold by Frederick Accum (1817), comprising a detailed list of the apparatus and chemicals used at the time, complete with prices. Accum supplied apparatus to Harvard and Yale universities and even universities in India. The first edition is very scarce’ (Neville, p. 4-5).
Of the 103 experiments, a considerable number involve the properties of silver and other substances later applied to the photographic process.
Friedrich Christian Accum (1769-1838) ‘came to England in 1793 as an assistant in the firm of Brande, apothecaries to George III. By about 1800 he had his own laboratory and was soon giving lecture courses which proved popular. Accum was one of the forerunners of the developing class of professional chemists, seeing and exploiting the technological possibilities created by the rapid advance of chemical knowledge. He was active as a lecturer, author, merchant, consultant and did fundamental work on gas-lighting and food adulteration’ (Cole, p. 1). Cole notes that the first edition was sold out within two months, leading to Accum to issue the revised and expanded second edition in the following year.
Provenance: Benjamin Flounders (1768-1846) was a prominent English Quaker with business interests in key new industries and developments at the time of the mid-industrial revolution, such as The Stockton and Darlington Railway (of which he was a founding Director) and new canals in his native Northeast of England.

1941. 8vo, pp. 106, [6] publisher's advertisements; with text illustrations; together with a leporello containing 40 anatomical images in red and black and half tone with accompanying text; text volume a little browned around margins due to paper quality, outer margins of leporello very lightly browned, with some minor edge furling to first page; text and leporello housed within the original brown decorated folding cloth-backed card case, text volume loose as issued, spine a little worn with loss of paper, and seemingly missing rear cover, leporello mounted on rear paste-down; minor wear to head and tail of spine, corners a little bumped, white lettering on spine quite faded. A 1941 fifth edition of this extremely popular and successful pocket instruction to anatomy for artists, particularly striking for presenting the 40 anatomical images as a folding leporello. Röhrl suggests that the work was first published in 1923, with several issues appearing during the late 1930s, and a sixth edition also being published in 1941.

[1838.]. 8vo, pp. [iv], 102; with four large folding lithograph plates; lightly foxed and browned throughout due to paper quality, with some further occasional minor soiling, minor ink staining on verso of first plate, with other three plates a little creased and with evidence of previous folds; bound in contemporary marbled boards, neatly rebacked and recornered in calf, spine ruled and lettered in ink, with some minor abrasions to surfaces; with presentation inscription from the author to Mr. Fildes at the tail of the dedication leaf; a good copy. Uncommon first edition of this detailed work, based very much on first hand experience, on the design and management of boilers, and the work of the Manchester engineer Robert Armstrong. The work bears testament, therefore, to the many technical and mechanical advances which emanated from the town, thanks to the rapid growth of the cotton industry which had transformed Manchester from being a small market town with a popular of 10,000 at the turn of the century, to becoming Britain’s second city by the 1840s, and home to nearly 400,000.
Indeed Armstrong dedicates his work to the ‘Cotton Manufacturers and other Proprietors of Steam engines, in Manchester and its vicinity, who have afforded him many opportunities of obtaining a variety of information on practical details’. This first edition is printed on rather cheap paper, the four large folding plates containing somewhat crude illustrations done reproduced from his original drawings in lithograph, a fact which Armstrong rather ruefully acknowledges in his concluding remarks, his publisher clearly having had little faith in its sale and suggesting only a limited initial print run ‘to meet a merely local sale’. Whilst he prides himself upon his boiler-making workmanship, his limited budget had not allowed him to use skilled engravers and printers, when it came to his bookmaking. An interesting commentary, perhaps, upon how lithography was considered to be a less skilled profession.
The poor design and management of boilers was frequently the Achilles heel of the steam engine, preventing their efficient and economic running. Armstrong focuses in particular upon boilers for mill engines, though there is a small section describing locomotive boilers. He deals with high and low pressure boilers, form and proportions, the capacity of the steam chamber and what happens when the boiler is too small, together with rules for alteration and improvement. There is advice on re-setting boilers in order to save fuel, methods of estimating power, the best form of fire-grate, boiler cleansing machinery and ways to get rid of scale and boiler balls, which clogged up pipes and flues, and on the cause and prevention of explosions. Various types of boiler, such as the Boulton and Watt boiler or Durham and Cornish boilers are referred to and some leading contemporary books, such as Tredgold and Pambour, are cited. A practical and thorough work.

1810. 8vo, pp. [iv], [4] ‘Annonce’ giving times and dates of the sessions of the auction; [v]–xx 338; with duty paid stamp at head of the ‘Annonce’; some light foxing and spotting, but generally clean and crisp; in later nineteenth-century half calf over marbled boards, spine tooled in blind and gilt, with green morocco label lettered in gilt, head and tail of spine nicked and rubbed, lower joint starting to split, extremities lightly bumped and worn with some minor surface wear. First and only edition of this uncommon and important catalogue intended to be used as a bibliography as well as a sale catalogue of the library of the renowned chemist Fourcroy (1755-1809), including a classification scheme and indexes of authors and anonymous titles. Over 2,700 items in Fourcroy’s library are listed, 1800 of which are on science or medicine, with many rare chemical books being listed. It is preceded by a brief biography of Fourcroy including a bibliography of his own works. The sale dates are given in the separately paginated announcement. The library was sold on consecutive days, Monday to Saturday 19 November to 22 December 1810, 29 days in all. Fourcroy’s library is interesting in its own right, but also valuable as it provides a point of comparison with the library of Lavoisier who was his near contemporary and collaborator on the Méthode de nomenclature chimique (1787) which ushered in the chemical revolution. Lavoisier’s library was about the same size, 2,500 titles including pamphlets. Of the 1,746 books (excluding pamphlets) Beretta classifies 844 as scientific and medical (another 145 are on mineralogy and mining and 91 on agriculture and husbandry). According to Peignot, the compiler of the catalogue was François Henri Stanislas de l'Aulnay (1739-1831), the author of a book published in 1786 on Pilâtre de Rozier's antimephitic respirator, upon which he improved.

1874. 4to, pp. 39, [1] blank; with three original photographs signed by C. Bräunlich of Jena (two mounted on one folding sheet), and four text diagrams; title-page somewhat browned and spotted, with further marginal browning and occasional spotting throughout; contemporary (publishers?) morocco-grained red cloth with blind-stamped borders, rebacked, covers a little soiled and cockled, extremities lightly bumped and rubbed; from the Anatomy Department, University of Cambridge with stamps and shelf mark on end leaves and title page. First edition of this treatise by the noted German anatomist Karl von Bardeleben (1849-1919). Von Bardeleben obtained his doctorate in 1872 as a research assistant at the University of Leipzig, and from 1873 worked as prosector at the University of Jena, where he later served as an associate professor (from 1878) and as full professor from 1898. As the present work illustrates, he specialised in the fields of topographic and comparative anatomy, and the present treatise is notable for the three original photographs mounted at the rear of the work, illustrating sections of the human vertebral column. It is his first work after his dissertation on arteriovenous fistula (1871). The photographs were made by Carl Braunlich Jr. (1850–1900) who specialised in carte-de-visite portraits and architecture.
In 1886, Bardeleben founded of the Anatomischer Anzeiger (Annals of Anatomy), considered to be one of the more authoritative journals devoted to anatomical morphology. His Atlas der topographischen Anatomie des Menschen für studierende und ärzte – with wood-engraved illustrations – was published in 1894.

1820. Large 8vo, pp. x, [2] addenda, 519, [4]; with nine folding lithograph plates, numbered plates 1-7 and with 2 unnumbered maps, the second hand-coloured; foxed and lightly soiled throughout, with faint dampstain affecting upper corners of final few leaves, upper corners of plate 7 and hand-coloured maps with discrete paper repairs; faint illegible library stamp on half-title and with booksellers label 'Librairie des Sciences Générales, H. Bécus' [Paris] dated November 1896 inside wrapper; uncut, and largely unopened in the original plain pink wrappers, rebacked retaining some of the original spine, title in ms on upper wrappers, and faintly visible on spine, covers a little soiled, and slightly dog-eared; First edition, of the first account of the geology of Scotland. Born in Hamburg to Swiss parents, Boué (1794-1881) studied medicine at the University of Edinburgh (MD 1817). Whilst there he became interested in geology, the study of which he would dedicate the rest of his life, through the influence of his teacher, the mineralogist Robert Jameson, and indeed the present work is dedicated to Jameson.
Boué's rambles throughout Scotland allowed him to form his own conclusions as to the origin and age of the many igneous rocks of that country. Geikie describes the work as being remarkable and ahead of its time, notably with regards to his discussion of trappean rocks. His acute eyes recognised the volcanic nature of the great series of “roches feldspathiques et trappéennes” of central Scotland, which he claimed to mark eruptions in the time of the Old Red Sandstone. He introduced for the first time, into the geological table for Scotland, a division entitled “Terrain Volcanique,” in which he included not only the younger basalts of the Inner Hebrides which had been described by Faujas St. Fond, Macculoch and others, but also the basalts, andesites, trachytes, tuffs and other rocks intercalated in the Carboniferous system.

1779. Single engraved sheet, sheet size 300 x 640mm, image size 285 x 625mm; hand-coloured; evidence of three previous vertical folds, with small hole in centre of left fold with minor loss, some light surface wear, paper a little browned and foxed, with neat repair along lower margin; very good. A rare hand-coloured engraving showing the side elevation and top view plan of an attractive six arch self-supporting stone bridge, and the design of the noted Montpellier architect Jean-Antoine Giral (1713-1787). According to the running headline the bridge ‘a été exécuté à Montpellier, en pierre de taille sur l’Echelle d’un pied par toise; c’est a dire, le sixieme du Grand, au quel on a done trente pouces de largeur. Representant quinze pieds en grand pour la moité de trente pieds de largeur d’une cette a l’autre il est entre pour les six arches sans les culées, 1000 pieds cubes de pierre de taille, pezant 2000 quintaux, qui sont soutenus sans aucune pille ni pillier sur lequel pont on roule des brouettes remplies de boulets de canon pesant douze à quinze quintaux sans que les arches reçoivent le plus petit mouvement, présentant au contraire, la plus grand solidité, depuis environ une année, que ce pont est construit’. The attractive engraving is signed by Giral and dated August 24th 1779.
Despite our best efforts, we have been unable to identify the bridge, or to ascertain for certain whether it was ever constructed, or whether this is merely a proposal for future discussion - which seems more likely.
We have found no other mention of this engraving. Giral, from a distinguished family of architects, was named state architect for Languedoc and he was entrusted with the design of a number of municipal and public edifices, most notably the water fountain at Peyrou, and the Royal Promenade which linked the water tower to the Montpellier Aquaduct. He was also responsible for the design of the new Pont sur la Mosson at Villeneuve-lès-Maguelone, built to replace one destroyed by a severe flood, and completed in 1766. The present engraving certainly bears some resemblance to that bridge, and as a number of other bridges in the area had been damaged during flooding, it seems likely that he had been called upon for new proposals.

1754.]. 8vo, pp. [ii], 5-138, with engraved title-page vignette; pp. 7, [1]; aside from some light spotting and foxing, clean and bright; abridgement loosely inserted, with some dust-soiling and light wear along fore-edge; in later stiff marbled wrappers, spine somewhat nicked and worn with small loss at head and approximately 2cm loss at tail, covers slightly creased with some light surface wear and minor staining. Separate edition, issued with a general title the year after it had received Royal Assent, of the act which saw the inception of the British Museum, the ‘Act for the purchase of the Museum, or collection of Sir Hans Sloane, and of the Harleian collection of manuscripts; and for providing one general repository for the better reception and more convenient use of the said collections; and of the Cottonian Library, and of the additions thereto’ (p. 5 and known formerly as Public General Act 1753 26. Geo. II. c.22).
Sir Hans Sloane died on January 11th 1753, aged 83, leaving behind a magnificent collection consisting of around 71000 objects, including 50,000 printed books and manuscripts, natural history specimens including 337 volumes of dried plants, coins and medals, prints and drawings, and antiquities, acquired from around the globe. Like many of the great collections and cabinets of curiosities of the time, Sloane had used developing global networks created by European imperial expansion to collect these materials, some of his income partly derived from Jamaican sugar plantations and enslaved labour. His will had placed the collection in the care of several trustees who were entrusted to ensure that his wishes that it be bequeathed to the nation were achieved. They were instructed to approach king or parliament with an offer for the collection in return for the payment of £20,000 - not the full value of the collection which was nearer 80,000 - to be paid to his executors for his daughters. Further, it was his wish that they secure an act of Parliament to vest the collection in their care, with all necessary property, powers, and money to ensure its preservation and accessibility by creating a new and freely accessible public museum to house it. So confident was Sloane over the collection’s scientific and educational value, that should this offer be declined it was to be offered in turn to four academies - St. Petersburg, Paris, Berlin, and Madrid - where Sloane held honorary memberships. Should this fail, the collection was not to revert to the daughters, but rather was to be sold at auction, with his heirs receiving the cash.
As chair of the executors, the Earl of Macclesfield presented a petition to King George II to purchase the legacy, but being famously uninterested in championing either the arts or sciences, he dismissed it as being too expensive. This rebuff led the executors to approached parliament, and whilst some did not fully embrace the idea of purchasing a museum, others, notably Henry Pelham, recognised that such a valuable bequest should not slip through its hands. After deliberation, parliament took the opportunity to combine Sloane’s museum with the great Cottonian and Harleian libraries, to create a larger institution than originally envisaged. The Act set in place the rules of governance for the museum, with a new body of forty-two Trustees appointed, and which included holders from some of the greatest offices in church and state. The Act was passed and given Royal Assent on June 7th 1753, the collections thus becoming the foundation not only of the British Museum, but subsequently of the Natural History Museum and the British Library.
The King having refused to pay the £20,000, the Act provided for the establishment of a national lottery to raise £300,000 to build the museum. It proved to be a scandalously run affair, with virtually all of the tickets sold before they were put on offer to the public. The market was covered especially by a rich financier, Sampson Gideon, and also by one of the four receivers of the lottery money, Peter Leherpe. They managed to sell the tickets in large chunks before the lottery opened. The Act had specified that no one person should have more than 20 tickets. Leherpe, however, allowed people to submit a list of fictitious names so that they could buy many more. After two days, the British Museum lottery tickets were said to be selling for a premium of 16 shillings, with various financiers reselling them at a profit. Gideon himself had more than 5,000 tickets. When he died he left an estate worth more than half a million pounds, and during his lifetime was so rich that he bankrolled the Government. The identity of the eventual lottery winner is not known, but the winning ticket number was 46885. The British Museum, after the payment of expenses, received £95,194 8s 2d, some of which went towards buying Montague House, the house on the present site into which the various collections were sent. It was eventually opened as a museum on January 15th 1759.

1765. Two works in one volume, first work in two parts, small folio; pp. [x], 10, 152, 151-8, [159] part title dated 1761, [160] blank, [161]-200, with attractive woodcut head- and tail-pieces and initials, with one half page copper engraving on p. 163, and 20 copper engraved plates (of which four folding, plate XII particularly large): pp. [iv], 316, with woodcut headpieces, and with 28 copper engraved plates (of which three folding, plate IV another large and striking image); pp. [x], vi, 254, [2] errata and blank, with attractive woodcut head- and tail-pieces and initials; paper a little browned throughout due to quality, with some occasional faint marginal dampstaining, with some slightly more prominent staining in a couple of places in part II of the Acta at pp. 120-124 and p. 141-3, small stamped monograph of ‘G.D.’ on verso of both main title-pages, and some occasional neat pencil annotations and ink corrections in text; overall clean and crisp; in contemporary half-sheep over marbled paste-paper boards, spine in compartments with raised bands, ruled in blind, head of spine worn and exposing headband which is frayed, faint and illegible manuscript at head of spine, spine a little nicked in places, joints cracked but holding, extremities somewhat worn and rubbed, with slight surface wear; still a good copy. First editions of two classic late eighteenth century works on mining technology and the history of mining in Germany, attractively illustrated with a number of detailed copper engravings, the work of Hans Calvör (1686-1766), a teacher at Clausthal and pastor at Altenau.
The ‘Acta historico-chronologico-mechanica’ is one of the most impressive and important German works on mining technology of the 18th century. “A valuable record of mining machinery and mining operations, as practised in Germany during the middle of the XVIIIth century. It was intended as a supplement to Schlüter’s Gründlicher Unterricht von Hüttenwerken” (Sotheran 1st supplement 6384). The attractive plates depict machinery, tunnels, and metallurgical apparatus. It is here bound together with Calvör’s invaluable historical companion volume, and which prints for the first and only time much original material which is now lost concerning the most important mining area of Germany. Mining had been carried on in the Harz mountains since the middle of the 10th century and Clausthal and St Andreasberg in the Upper Harz were the chief centres, and were sources of a number of metals and minerals including silver, lead, gold, copper, iron, sulphur, alum, and arsenic. The two works thus provide an important and invaluable insight late eighteenth century mining practices.

1947. Large 8vo, pp. xxxvi, 618; copiously illustrated without, with 177 text figures and half tones (including 3 full page coloured figures 142, 148 and 149 on two leaves), and coloured plates numbered 1-46 on 36 leaves; generally clean and crisp, with slight kink in upper margins of pp. 491-516; in the original grey publisher’s cloth, spine ruled and lettered in black and gilt, head and tail of spine lightly worn, joints, surfaces and extremities lightly scuffed, rubbed and bumped. First edition of this landmark work, considered to be the foundation for pediatric cardiology, and for which the author received the 1954 Albert Lasker Award for outstanding contribution to medicine. Describing the diagnosis and cure of innumerable congenital malformations, the book had an immediate and vast influence on pediatric cardiology worldwide. Helen Brooke Taussig (1898-1986) ‘conceived the idea of anastomosing the subclavian artery to the pulmonary circulation to improve the blood supply of the lungs; the operation was carried out by Alfred Blalock in 1944, and is now know as the Blalock-Taussig operation’ (Bedford, 821).
‘As a pediatric cardiologist, she carefully observed her patients, listened to their hearts, studied their x-rays and fluoroscopies and, when they died, examined their hearts at autopsy. Her precise records and correlation of observations made possible accurate diagnosis and understanding of pathological cardiac physiology resulting from congenital malformations. Her studies led her to design an operation to solve a problem of post-birth anoxia, the Blalock-Taussig procedure, known as “the blue baby operation” that has saved countless infants from death’ (Grolier, p. 141)
‘To arrive at her great achievements, Helen Taussig had much to overcome - the early death of her mother, dyslexia, severe hearing impairment and the discrimination of much of the medical establishment’ (ibid). The daughter of Frank W. Taussig, the eminent Harvard professor of economics, Helen overcame severe dyslexia to matriculate as one of the first students in which is now Radcliffe College ‘but seeking broader social and educational experience, she transferred to the University of Berkeley, California and graduated in 1921. Determined to study medicine, she was forced, like so many others, to travel the long way round to fulfil her goal... Since Harvard Medical School would not accept a women (first doing so only in 1945) she applied to Harvard School of Public Health, which allowed her to attend classes but would not award her a degree. She was also allowed to study histology at the Harvard Medical School but with a caveat: she was kept in a room by herself so as ‘to not contaminate’ the male students. She finally found a sympathetic mentor in Alexander Begg, professor of anatomy at Boston University, who led her to study isolated heart muscle contractions. This resulted in her first publication and set the stage for her life’s work in cardiology... Even with her major publication, Harvard Medical School would not permit her to matriculate, so she applied to The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, admitted as a function of the legacy of Mary Elizabeth Garrett and the Women’s Fund Committee that stipulated that women be accepted on the same terms as men, and she graduated from Hopkins in 1927’ (ibid).
In 1959 she became Hopkins’ first woman full professor in clinical medicine. She was awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom by President Lyndon Johnson in 1964, and was elected the first female president of the American Heart Association in 1965. It was Taussig who was instrumental in recognising the link between thalidomide and the rise in cases of congenital malformations, and helped to end its use in the US. She died in a car accident in 1986.

1805. 8vo, pp. [viii], [5] - 203; with three folding woodcut charts; faint dampstain affecting gutters of preliminary leaves, signatures B and M somewhat browned, with some occasional light browning; library markings and classmarks on inside front wrapper; in contemporary plain green wrappers, green paper classmark label at tail of spine, covers a little soiled and dog-eared, with ‘Duplicato’ written in pencil at head of upper wrapper; with printed book-label of ‘Biblioteca Fagnani’ at tail of half-title; a good copy. First edition of this early and important exposition of Pestalozzi’s educational theories, including a biography of Pestalozzi and an account of his educational institute at Burgdorf and his collaborators there, Krüsi, Tobler and Büss.
Chavannes (1765-1846), a member of both the Grand Council and the Academic Council in Lausanne, was a prominent figure in the religious and political life of the Canton of Vaud, and actively championed on behalf of Pestalozzi. He believed his plan to be more suitable than any other to public instruction, and that it would be of particular benefit to the village schoolmaster in helping the progress of his students. Many of Pestlozzi’s theories discussed by Chavannes were unavailable in French, such as the Buch der Mütter, A B C der Anschauung, oder, Anschauungs-Lehre der Massverhältnisse and Anschauungslehre der Zahlenverhältnisse, all of which were published in 1803 and only available in German. The three schematic plates relate to Chapter IV, ‘De l’instruciton intuïtive du rapport des formes et dimensions’.
A Paris reprint appeared in the same year and there was a ‘Nouvelle édition’, published in Paris 1809. The dedication to the President and council members of the Canton of Vaud is dated Vevey, February 1805. A biography of Pestalozzi by Mlle Herminie Chavannes, presumably a descendant of the author, was published at Lausanne in 1853. It includes a section on the present work.

1760. 8vo, pp. [viii], xvi, 93, [1] blank; with attractive woodcut head- and tail-pieces; title-page a little dust-soiled, with some light foxing and browning, but overall clean and crisp; in modern decorative paper boards, an appealing copy. First Danish edition, most attractively printed, of this important and influential work on the safe transport of natural history specimens by sea, by the French botanist and polymath Henri-Louis Duhamel du Monceau (1700-1782), first published in 1752 as ‘Avis pour le transport par mer des arbres, des plantes vivaces, des semences et de diverses autres curiosités d’histoire naturelle’. The present translation has been taken from the second edition of 1753. It was further translated into German in 1756, and in 1758 was appended to a larger text on the collection and transportation of quadrupeds, birds, fish, shells, and other naturalia, by Étienne-François Turgot (1721-1789) ‘Mémoire instructif sur la manière de rassembler, de préparer, de conserver et d’envoyer les diverses curiosités d’histoire naturelle’ (see item below).
The study of the natural sciences during the 18th century relied upon the observations made, and collections gathered by, individuals - be they merchants, explorers, or scientists, as they travelled throughout the Atlantic world and beyond. The transportation and circulation of botanical and zoological specimens, however, was a hazardous affair, with existing methods of preserving the plants, fish, birds, and land animals - the vital raw materials for European scientific study - often insufficient for the long voyages that brought them from around the globe. Specimens arrived dead when they were needed alive, rotten and damaged when they were needed whole, and they frequently suffered through either the neglect of uninterested sailors, or fell victim to rats and other shipboard pests. Whilst methods of financing and securing berths for transportation may have differed between nations, the physical dangers of the shipboard environment transcended imperial boundaries. Reflecting the universalising tendencies of Enlightenment science, naturalists of all nationalities strove to produce and procure fungible specimens, to help enable comparative study and research, and so became increasingly focused on how best to surmount the difficulties of transportation. Through the shared correspondence of experiences, they came to develop some common material practices that could protect specimens during weeks at sea - a knowledge acquired through hard experience and frequent loss. They came to better understand that the ships were ecosystems onto themselves, complete with predators, micro-climates, and symbiotic relationships, all of which needed to be better understood. It led too, to a greater appreciation of the need to preserve as much of the native ecology as possible, particularly of plants, through the recreation of growing conditions, preserving organic matter, and thus help to maintain the specimens’ natural equilibrium.
The result of shared correspondence and personal experience, as well as collaboration with Roland-Michel Barrin de La Galissoniere (1693-1756), governor of New France between 1747-1749, and with whom Duhamel had worked to help establish the Académie de Marine in 1741, the present treatise became an influential guide as to the best practices and precautions to be taken to ensure the safe transportation of trees, herbs and plants in particular. For example the avoidance of pots and glass containers is advised, with wooden boxes, barrels, and baskets suggested as more durable alternatives. To protect delicate seeds, Duhamel recommends keeping them whole, and storing them in closed, dry cases, surrounded by earth that is almost dried and well mixed. He notes that some seeds stored in this way have germinated during the voyage, and have then been successfully replanted. The retention of some of the original organic matter around the roots of plants is also advised, and that they should be watered during transport. Where-ever possible, naturalists should seek to avoid lodging their specimens with the sailors, (rumoured to sometimes resorting to drink the preserving spirits), but rather entrust them to the care of passengers, ship surgeons, or most preferably, within the captain’s personal cabin - deemed to be the choicest position onboard ship. Live trees should be placed, as much as possible, in the open air and at the top of the vessel away from contamination by sloshing sea water, but that in storms, extreme temperature changes, or pre-longed spells of rain, that they should be taken inside or covered.
Together with other naturalists, such as Turgot and Nicolas (see below), the present work therefore did much to help improve the safe transportation and circulation of vital material objects, which made possible intellectual and scientific advances. As Parsons and Murphy argue, the environmental science of ships gained in importance, and ‘therefore ships, as much as gardens, museums, and cabinets of curiosity, constituted a space of natural history’ (p. 537).

1801. 8vo, pp. [vi], viii, [9] - 228, [2] blank; with 10 folding engraved plates; some occasional light soiling and spotting, but otherwise clean and crisp; contemporary calf-backed marbled boards, spine tooled in gilt with red morocco label, light rubbed to head and tail of spine and joints, fore-edge of upper board nicked splitting paper, corners a little bumped, extremities rubbed and lightly worn. First edition of this contribution to the growing number of taxidermy handbooks published during the late eighteenth and early nineteenth century, in response to growing demands amongst the wider scientific community for better methods of preserving natural history specimens.
The French physician and biologist Pierre-François Nicolas (1743-1816) taught natural history at the university at Nancy between 1795-1798. After resigning, he worked in Paris for two years before becoming professor of chemistry in Caen in 1801. In the present work, Nicolas presents a summary of contemporary knowledge and practices of the day. The ten folding plates, drawn by himself, illustrate the tools required, and the methods for preserving various animals, birds, insects and reptiles. Nicolas is critical of a number of contemporary methods which he deems to be inadequate, offering up many of his own techniques as being superior. In particular, he addresses the problem of insect damage to specimens. The use of poison to deter insects was a matter of some debate at the time, and many were trying to find alternative methods. It was believed that the insects were attracted to bird skins in particular by the decomposing fat left on skins. To counter this, Nicolas proposed a two step procedure that called for soaking the skin in a tanning solution then treating it with a soapy pomade. He claims to have had extraordinary success with his technique, but other naturalists failed to duplicate his results, and for this reason his method did not win many adherents.
The present work is dedicated to the Minister of the Interior, Lucien Bonaparte, a younger brother of Napoleon. One wonders whether this dedicated helped to secure his position at Caen in the same year.

1823. 8vo, pp. [iv], 210 [2] 216 [2] errata, [4] advertisements; 2/⁶, 5/⁵ 6,³ and 11/⁶ are cancels; the bifolium 14² has the last 2 pages of text on 14¹ and publisher's advertisements on 14² and was presumably meant to be wrapped around sig. 15 so that the advertisement leaf would be at the end; with five folding engraved plates signed 'Gravé par Adam, Dessiné par Girard', numbered Pl. I–V (bound at the end); a little foxed and dust-soiled’; uncut, and partially unopened in the original plain pink wrappers lined with printers waste, printed label on spine, spine cracked, a little worn and frayed. First edition. The first treatise to bring together the discoveries of Oersted and Ampère on the fundamentals of electromagnetism. It was ‘adopté par le conseil royal de l'instruction publique, pour les bibliothèques de colléges royaux’ (title page).
Ampère corresponded with Demonferrand and also sent a copy of his book to Michael Faraday (Hofmann pp. 70 and 58 n.69).
A good copy in its original wrappers lined with printer's waste and with a 4-page advertisement section not part of the collation of the book.

1937. 4to, pp. 36, with four leaves of coloured plates, together with numerous text illustrations; with errata note tipped at tail of p. 33, and with three revised notes tipped on to p. 35; p. 33 torn at gutter but not touching text; stapled as issued in the original drab card wrappers, with colour plate mounted on upper cover, small tear at tail of upper cover, staples a little rusted, head and tail of spine bumped; an appealing copy. Uncommon manufacturer’s catalogue promoting a complete dental ‘unit’ for modern dental practitioners. The ‘Rathbone’ reclining dental chair together with attached spotlighting, small basins, and moveable apparatus trays, was ‘based on a thorough investigation of the needs of modern dentistry and a study of the possibilities and limitations of dental units generally. The layout is such that every piece of apparatus comes readily and naturally to hand. The position and movements of each component have been planned so that, when in use, the component can be brought to the most convenient position for the operator, and when not required, returned to a point where it will not impede him in any way’.

2015. The Swedish Dental Society, founded in 1860, accumulated an important historical collection of over 850 odontological books, the majority printed before 1920, and which today forms one of the major special collections deposited in the Hagströmer Medico-Historical Library in Stockholm. The catalogue comprises 208 pages and 161 illustrations with descriptions of 65 books including the earliest printed works from the sixteenth century entirely devoted to dentistry, as well as on how to cure toothache, on extraction, and on the replacement of false teeth. The collections includes first editions of several odontological classics, from Eustachi's Libellus de dentibus (1583) through to Jackson's Orthodontia of 1904 on the regulation of teeth, and including the most famous of them all, Pierre Fauchard's Chirurgien Déntiste, Paris, 1728. Each item is given a bibliographical description and at least one page with a historical commentary on the author and the importance of his work.

1825. Small folio; pp. [ii] original printed green paper wrapper to first fascicle bound in as general title, [64] of biographical text; with 32 lithograph portraits; somewhat foxed throughout, with the text leaves for Linné, Aldrovani, Celsus, Sydenham and Bartez rather browned, and those for Chaussier and Haller at the end of the work heavily browned; in black morocco backed pebble boards, spine in compartments with raised bands, ruled and lettered in gilt, with marbled endpapers, inner hinge cracked but holding firm, spine somewhat faded and lightly rubbed, extremities more prominently bumped and worn; with small library stamp on verso of final leaf ‘Don du Docteur Ch, Leroux, Hopital Civil de Versailles’. Rare. A complete set bound together of this most striking lithograph ‘gallery’ of some of the most notable figures in medical history.
The inspiration of the physician Guillaume Tell Doin (1794-1845), the lithographer Pierre Roche Vigneron (1789-1872), and the publisher G. Engelmann (1788-1839), according to a contemporary review in the ‘Archives générales de médecine; Journal publié par une société de médecins’ (Tome IX, p. 312, Sept 1825), the original intention was to produce one hundred portraits, the whole publication issued in a series of monthly fascicles containing four portraits together with accompanying biographical text. Normal copies on plain paper would cost 6fr, whilst more luxurious copies on China paper priced at 9fr. However, as later notices reveal, the plan was revised down to a proposed series of 10 fascicles - and indeed ultimately only eight were produced, with 32 fine lithograph portraits issued. No more were published, and being issued in individual fascicles, the plates more often than not, now appear individually. It is thus uncommon to find a bound copy of the complete series.
In the present copy beginning with Hippocrates, (the order of the copy found at Padova is different) Doin and Vigneron have concentrated upon Western luminaries both ancient and modern, and thus we find included Galen, Leonard Fuchs, Andreas Vesalius, William Harvey, Albrecht von Haller, Philippe Pinel, Herman Boerhaave, Paul Joseph Barthez, and Edward Jenner. From the wider sphere, portraits of Carl Linnaeus and Nicolas Copernicus are also included, with the medieval Islamic polymath Averroes chosen as the sole representative from the Arabic world.

1862. 8vo, pp. [iv], 203, [1]; with 12 chromolithograph plates (including frontispiece), all retaining the original tissue guards, together with numerous engraved text vignettes; a little foxed and browned throughout, more prominent in one or two places; in the original red morocco backed publisher’s cloth, covers ruled in gilt, spine in compartments with raised bands, lettered and decorated in gilt, head and tail of spine a little rubbed and worn, covers lightly stained, extremities a little bumped and rubbed; a good copy. First edition of this appealing work for children, both an introduction to geography as well as a book of costume. It was one of a number of works published as part of the series ‘Bibliotheque de la Jeunesse’. M. Castillon, a professor at the Collège Sainte-Barbe in Paris, one of the oldest Colleges in the city, was the author of a number of educational and recreational works of scientific interest for a younger audience. These texts were often chosen by schools to be given as prizes in recognition of academic success.
The attractive lithographs are the work of either Hippolyte Louis Emile Pauquet (b. 1797) or Polydor Jean Charles Pauquet (b 1800) is responsible for the illustrations. Both brothers, from the publishing house of Pauquet Frères, were engravers, painters & illustrators during the mid 19th century.

1863. Large 8vo, pp. [iv], 440; with 20 steel engraved portraits, each retaining original tissue guards (all now somewhat browned); some occasional foxing throughout; retaining original two-colour silk marker; a lovely wide-margined copy, bound in full red morocco and signed by Tinot, spine with elaborate mosaic gilt tooling, covers ruled in gilt with green morocco detailing, inner gilt dentelles, all edges gilt, covers a little soiled and scuffed, with minor wear to extremities and corners. First edition, and a beautifully bound copy, of this work celebrating the life of twenty famous 18th century women, accompanied by steel engraved reproductions of their contemporary portraits by noted artists such as Largillière, Nattier, La Tour and Mme Lebrun. Amongst those featured include Madame de Pompadour, Madame du Chastelet, and of course Marie-Antoinette.
Arsène Houssay (1815-1896) was a noted French novelist and man of letters, who wrote a number of works on history and art criticism.
The present copy has been most attractively bound in mosaic red morocco by Jean-Baptiste Tinot.

1574. Two volumes in one thick volume, 8vo; I. ff. [40] 331 [1] (last leaf blank); II. ff. 300; in Roman and Italic letter; with woodcut architectural border on each title page, printer’s device above colophon on vol. II, 2P4r, woodcut initials, typographic ornaments, and numerous woodcut diagrams in the text; I, f. 84v poorly inked and one passage overwritten in early manuscript, with brown staining affecting ff. 144–45 and discreet repairs to the corners of ff. 303–310 with loss of a few letters from the shoulder notes of 2 pages; II. nick at tail of ff. 300 with slight loss; occasional light browning and faint marginal dampstaining, some light edgewear and fraying to final few leaves; in contemporary limp vellum, covers darkened and somewhat soiled, front inner hinge cracked but holding, joints starting to split, with paper label on spine lettered in mss; with contemporary signature of ‘Hieronymi Saphii’, on first title page (scored through), in capitals on second title page (with some doodles) and at tail of penultimate verso; with small oval early owner’s stamp on titlepages, another early stamp with an Eagle and the IHS Christogram on the final blank leaf of vol. I, and with library stamp on front free endleaf of the Capuchin Monastery of Sursee, near Lucerne. An attractive and large copy with wide margins of the rare first edition of Clavius’ vast commentary with notes variorum on Euclid’s elements. This was Clavius’ most lasting work.
‘In 1574 Clavius published his main work, The elements of Euclid.... His contemporaries called Clavius “the Euclid of the sixteenth century”. The Elements, which is not a translation, contains a vast quantity of notes collected from previous commentators and editors, as well as some good criticisms and elucidations of his own. Among other things, Clavius made a new attempt at proving the “postulate of parallels”.’ (DSB 3, p. 311.)
The sixteenth book of the Elements was added by “Flussas”, i.e. François de Foix, Comte de Candale.
This is a good large copy with no cropping of the bold architectural title page borders as is often the case. The book is neatly printed and uses rather unusual swash capitals combined with printers’ flowers in the headlines. This edition was no doubt intended for Clavius’ students at the Collegio Romano. A lavish folio for a more elite market was published at Cologne, and possibly printed there for the Venetian printer Giovanni Battisa Ciotti in 1591, and another 8vo Roman edition appeared in 1605.